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Figure 8: Linear root mean square fit of the normalized cell voltage

It is also possible to repeat a similar RMS data fit exercise using a quadratic
equation instead of a linear equation. In [8] it was demonstrated that using quadratic data
fitting can result in a less accurate estimation of the slope of the cell pseudo-resistance.
Yet, it all depends on the choice made for the sampling frequency, the moving average
calculation frequency and the data fit calculation time period.

Clearly, a longer time period is required if quadratic data fitting is employed
instead of linear data filtering. When using quadratic data fitting, the curvature of the
noise free normalized cell voltage must be significant enough to be well estimated.
Figure 9 presents the results of a 10 minutes fit using 120 data points. Quadratic fitting
of 120 data points obviously requires more CPU processing resources than a linear fitting
of 60 data points.

Again, the fit provides two important results. First, it gives a prediction of the
current noise free normalized cell voltage: 0.00021*100 - 0.000301*10 + 4.1019 =
4.1199 V.

Second, it gives a prediction of the current noise free slope of the normalized cell
voltage: 2 * 0.00021 * 10 - 0.000301 = 0.0039 V/min or 3.9 mV/min.